TOPOGRAPHY SURVEY OF PART OF UNZIK CAMPUS, AWKA, ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive topographic survey of a selected portion of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University (UNZIK) campus in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. The survey focuses on the main campus area along the Onitsha-Enugu Expressway, encompassing key academic and administrative buildings, hostels, and surrounding terrain. Utilizing modern surveying techniques such as Global Positioning System (GPS), total stations, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry, the research aims to generate detailed elevation profiles, contour maps, and 3D models to support campus planning, infrastructure development, and environmental management. The study area, situated in a valley on the plains of the Mamu River, exhibits elevations ranging from approximately 43 meters to 298 meters above sea level, characterized by gentle slopes and two prominent north-south ridges.

The methodology involved field data collection through perimeter traversing, grid-based spot height measurements, and integration with Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data for validation. Results reveal a predominantly undulating terrain with average slopes of 2-5 degrees, prone to localized flooding during rainy seasons due to the proximity to the Mamu River. Key findings include the identification of high-elevation zones around administrative blocks at around 150-200 meters and lower depressions near student hostels at 80-100 meters. These topographic features influence drainage patterns, building stability, and land use allocation on campus.

In the discussion, the implications for sustainable campus development are explored, including recommendations for erosion control and flood mitigation. A case study from the University of Ilorin, Nigeria, is incorporated to draw parallels in topographic mapping for educational institutions, highlighting the use of high-resolution satellite imagery for 3D reconstruction. References to similar surveys in Nigerian contexts underscore the importance of updated topographic data in urbanizing areas like Awka.

This research contributes to the body of knowledge on geospatial applications in higher education facilities, emphasizing the need for periodic surveys to adapt to rapid urbanization. The generated maps and models can aid UNZIK in master planning, disaster risk reduction, and resource management, aligning with national goals for environmental sustainability.